---
title: "PSD2 SCA & Unauthorised-Transaction Liability (Arts. 72-74, 97) — KYE Protocol™ coverage"
description: "PSD2 SCA & Unauthorised-Transaction Liability (Arts. 72-74, 97) coverage by KYE Protocol™ — every requirement bijection-mapped to the KYE™ artefact that enforces it."
url: https://kyeprotocol.com/compliance/psd2-sca-disputes/
lang: en
source: "KYE Protocol"
---

> PSD2 SCA & Unauthorised-Transaction Liability (Arts. 72-74, 97) coverage by KYE Protocol™ — every requirement bijection-mapped to the KYE™ artefact that enforces it.

PSD2 SCA & Unauthorised-Transaction Liability (Arts. 72-74, 97)

# PSD2 SCA & Unauthorised-Transaction Liability (Arts. 72-74, 97) — 100% of in-scope requirements covered.

4 requirements · 3 in scope (3 enforced) · 1 out-of-scope (outside KYE™’s authority layer). The 100% is weighted over the in-scope base.

**Source:** PSD2 (Directive (EU) 2015/2366) governs payment-service disputes in the EU: Article 97 mandates strong customer authentication (SCA); Article 72 places the burden of proof on the payment service provider to prove the transaction was authenticated, accurately recorded, and not affected by a deficiency; Article 73 requires an immediate refund of an unauthorised transaction; Article 74 allocates liability between payer and PSP. KYE Protocol™ governs whether a refund / liability allocation in the SCA-dispute flow may PROCEED — under a named owner's recorded authority, with the authentication evidence (SCA result, exemption applied) captured as evidence events at transaction time, and with the dispute bundle sealed as a signed, integrity-bound Evidence Pack™ the PSP can produce to meet the Article 72 burden of proof. KYE™ does not adjudicate whether the transaction was in fact authorised, decide whether to contest, or do fraud scoring. · **License:** Directive (EU) 2015/2366 is an EU legislative text; the KYE™ registry paraphrases each requirement's intent and cites the official article identifier for mapping purposes only.

## By category

| Category | Reqs | Enforced | Designed | Advisory | Deferred | Coverage |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| SCA / authentication evidence captured at transaction time | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | **100%** |
| Named-authority on the unauthorised-transaction refund | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | **100%** |
| Burden-of-proof evidence integrity for liability allocation | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | **100%** |
| Substantive fraud / authorisation determination on the merits | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0%** |

## Every requirement → the KYE™ artefact that enforces it

| ID | Title | Status | KYE™ enforcement |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `psd2-sca-disputes.sca-evidence-capture` | The SCA / authentication evidence is captured as evidence events at transaction time | enforced | **audit\_events**: `kye.evidence.decision_map.v1`, `kye.evidence.pack.v1` **engines**: `internal` **rule\_packs**: `kye:rule-pack:chargeback-evidence` **dictionaries**: `internal` **constitution\_refs**: `constitution/13-RESILIENCE-LOOP.md` |
| `psd2-sca-disputes.unauthorised-transaction-refund-authority` | An unauthorised-transaction refund proceeds only under a recorded named-authority decision | enforced | **audit\_events**: `kye.purpose.request.v1`, `kye.purpose.admissibility.v1`, `kye.evidence.decision_map.v1` **engines**: `internal`, `internal` **rule\_packs**: `kye:rule-pack:chargeback-evidence` **constitution\_refs**: `constitution/12-PURPOSE-PERMISSION.md` |
| `psd2-sca-disputes.liability-allocation-evidence` | Burden-of-proof evidence integrity: the liability-allocation bundle is signed, hash-bound and reconstructable | enforced | **audit\_events**: `kye.evidence.pack.v1`, `kye.replay.context_seal.v1`, `kye.replay.proof.v1` **engines**: `internal`, `internal` **rule\_packs**: `kye:rule-pack:chargeback-evidence` **constitution\_refs**: `constitution/13-RESILIENCE-LOOP.md`, `constitution/30-AUDIT-WORM-RETENTION.md` |
| `psd2-sca-disputes.fraud-determination` | Substantive fraud / authorisation determination on the merits | out-of-scope | _(no enforcement cited)_ |

Canonical KYE™ surfaces referenced on this page: [Evidence Pack™](https://kyeprotocol.com/evidence-pack/) · [KYE Protocol™](https://kyeprotocol.com/).